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RESEARCH PAPER
Comprehensive evaluation of Lagenaria siceraria and Cucurbita species seeds: proximate composition, antioxidant potential, lipid profiling, and oil properties
1
Biotechnology, Analytical Sciences and Quality Control Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 83000, Morocco
2
Geo-Bio-Environmental Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 83000, Morocco
3
University of Studies "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Department AGRARIA, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
4
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-institute, Rabat 10090, Morocco
5
Laboratory of Biology, Ecology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93002, Morocco
Final revision date: 2025-05-17
Acceptance date: 2025-06-16
Publication date: 2025-08-27
Corresponding author
Angelo Maria Giuffrè
University of Studies "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Department AGRARIA, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
University of Studies "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria, Department AGRARIA, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
Said Gharby
Biotechnology, Analytical Sciences and Quality Control Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
Biotechnology, Analytical Sciences and Quality Control Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
Int. Agrophys. 2025, 39(4): 457-474
HIGHLIGHTS
- Cucurbitaceae seeds show high nutritional and industrial potential
- C. moschata var. “Hamra” has the highest oil content
- C. moschata var. “Slaouiya” leads in protein and DPPH activity
- L. siceraria seeds are rich in potassium and magnesium
- Linoleic acid was the dominant PUFA in most Cucurbitaceae seed oils
KEYWORDS
antioxidant activityCucurbita speciesfatty acidLagenaria sicerarianutritional indicesproximate composition
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Seeds from the Cucurbitaceae family are generally considered waste. This study focuses on the seeds of four species: Lagenaria siceraria and three species of Cucurbita spp., evaluating their nutritional composition, mineral content, bioactive properties, and oil characteristics. C. moschata var. “Slaouiya” exhibited the highest protein content (37.12 ± 0.01 g 100 g-1), while C. moschata var. “Hamra” had the highest oil content (43.60 ± 0.37 g 100 g-1). Mineral analysis revealed elevated potassium and magnesium levels in C. moschata var. “Slaouiya” (875.59 ± 28.87 mg g 100 g-1 K and 435.89 ± 3.36 mg g 100 g-1 Mg). L. siceraria recorded the highest TPC (5.71 ± 0.12 mg GAE g-1) and TFC (16.06 ± 0.27 mg QE g-1). Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the most abundant fatty acid, particularly in L. siceraria (70.73 ± 0.10%), which also had the highest content of PUFAs (70.89 ± 0.11%). In terms of oxidative stability and nutritional indices, L. siceraria exhibited the highest Cox value (7.40 ± 0.01) and OS (3206.81 ± 5.50). C. moschata var. “Slaouiya” had the lowest atherogenic indices (AI) (0.23) and thrombogenic indices (TI) (0.09), suggesting potential cardiovascular benefits. These findings highlight the exceptional potential of these seeds, which could serve as a basis for innovations in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors affirm that they have no conflicts of interest.
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