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RESEARCH PAPER
Effect of extraction methods on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of oil extracted from plum (Prunus domestica L.) seeds
1
Institute of Human Nutrition and Agriculture, University College of Applied Sciences in Chełm,
Wojsławicka 8B, 22-100 Chełm, Poland
Final revision date: 2025-08-15
Acceptance date: 2025-09-12
Publication date: 2025-11-04
Corresponding author
Małgorzata Stryjecka
Institute of Human Nutrition and Agriculture, The University College of Applied Sciences in Chełm, Poland
Institute of Human Nutrition and Agriculture, The University College of Applied Sciences in Chełm, Poland
Int. Agrophys. 2026, 40(1): 13-23
HIGHLIGHTS
- Use of waste from the fruit and vegetable industry
- The best extraction in supercritical CO2
- Plum oil a source of bioactive substances
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the possibility of using plum (Prunus domestica L.) seeds, i.e. residues of fruit processing, to extract edible oil. Three extraction methods were used in the study: chemical extraction (n-hexane), cold pressing, and supercritical CO2 extraction. The products obtained using these methods were evaluated in terms of peroxide and acid values, the content of tocopherols, phytosterols and polyphenols, and antioxidant properties (DPPH and ABTS assays). The plum kernel oils were rich in oleic acid. The dominant tocopherol in all variants was δ-tocopherol, with the highest proportion in the SFT (supercritical CO2 extraction) oil. β-sitosterol and Δ5-avenasterol were the major phytosterols in the oils. The SFT oil had the highest content of total phenols and the strongest antioxidant properties, which was confirmed by the DPPH and ABTS assays. The results suggest that plum kernels can be a potential source of oil for the oil and fat industry. The oil obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction showed the best fatty acid composition, the highest tocopherol content, and the best antioxidant properties (DPPH and ABTS assays). The use of this type of fruit processing waste contributes to the reduction of waste and supports the circular economy approach.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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